Osteoarthritis of the knee
Knee osteoarthritis: understanding the problems and finding the right treatment
Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common joint diseases and affects people of all ages, although the risk increases with age. The disease means that the articular cartilage gradually breaks down, which causes the joint surfaces to have poorer gliding ability and increases the load on the joint. This often leads to pain, stiffness and reduced mobility, which can affect daily activities such as climbing stairs, getting up from a chair or taking longer walks.
Common symptoms
The pain of knee osteoarthritis often comes on gradually. Initially, it may be felt during longer walks or after physical activity, but over time, the pain may also occur at rest. Stiffness, especially in the morning or after sitting still for a long time, is common. Many experience swelling and a feeling that the knee does not feel stable. Sometimes a creaking sound is heard when the joint moves.
Causes of knee osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis develops slowly and can have several causes. Age is a strong risk factor, but previous knee injuries, repeated overuse and heredity can also contribute. Overweight increases the load on the knee joints and is a common contributing factor. Certain occupations and sports where the knees are subjected to heavy loads or many twisting movements can also increase the risk.
Treatment and self-care
Although osteoarthritis cannot be cured, there are many ways to alleviate symptoms and slow its progression. Regular physical activity is one of the most effective measures. Strengthening the muscles around the knee reduces the load on the joint. Aquatic exercise is gentle and can be a good option for more pronounced problems.
Pain relief with heat, cold or over-the-counter medications can make everyday life easier. Aids such as knee braces provide stability and reduce pain during activity. An ergonomic knee brace can be used for both exercise and daily activities to provide extra support.
Posture and relief
For many with knee osteoarthritis, it is also important to consider posture. Incorrect body posture can increase the load on the knees, especially when walking and working in a standing position. A posture support or posture vest can contribute to a more upright and stable posture, which in turn can reduce pressure on the knee joints and improve walking patterns.
Ergonomic adjustments
Small changes in everyday life can make a big difference. Choosing shoes with good shock absorption and a firm heel grip reduces the load on the knee joints. If the pain is significant, use walking aids for longer walks. For work that involves a lot of standing, a soft anti-fatigue mat can provide relief.
Exercises for knee osteoarthritis
Regular exercise strengthens the knee joint and improves mobility. The following exercises can be performed at home:
- Sitting leg extension – Sit on a chair, extend one leg and hold for three seconds. Repeat ten times per leg.
- Wall squats – Stand with your back against a wall, bend your knees slightly and hold for 5–10 seconds. Repeat ten times.
- Standing heel raises – Stand firmly and slowly lift your heels. Lower back down and repeat 15 times.
- Side leg raises lying down – Lie on your side and slowly lift your top leg. Lower back down and repeat ten times per side.
Return to activity and prevention
Continuity is key for osteoarthritis. Avoid prolonged sitting – move regularly and vary activities to protect your knee joint. Knee braces provide extra support during activity and are particularly useful for walking or sports. Wearing ergonomically designed shoes with good cushioning protects the joints. Regular follow-ups with a physiotherapist ensure that the training is effective. Weight loss for overweight individuals provides immediate load relief. Small changes in daily life, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator alternately, strengthen muscles and joints long-term.
When is surgery needed?
Despite careful conservative treatment, pain often persists. In cases of severe osteoarthritis that impairs quality of life, an orthopedist may recommend knee replacement or other surgical procedures. Surgery can provide good results for pain relief and function, but rehabilitation is long and requires patience. The decision to undergo surgery is based on an individual assessment and desired outcome. Start your assessment by contacting 1177 for advice and what the next step is.
Our recommended products for knee osteoarthritis
A knee brace can provide stability and reduce pain during activity. For extra comfort, shock-absorbing insoles or ergonomic shoes can help reduce strain. A posture support can be a complement to improve body posture and reduce uneven strain on the knee joints.
What aids can relieve symptoms?
Knee braces, shock-absorbing shoes, walking aids, and posture supports are common options.
What causes knee osteoarthritis?
Age, previous injuries, overweight, and heredity are common causes.
Can exercise help with knee osteoarthritis?
Yes, the right exercise strengthens muscles and reduces the load on the joint.
Are knee braces good for osteoarthritis?
Knee braces provide stability and can reduce pain during activity.
Can osteoarthritis go away on its own?
No, but the symptoms can be relieved and progression slowed with proper treatment.
What type of exercise is best?
Strength training, balance exercises, and water gymnastics are gentle and effective.
Is posture support good for knee osteoarthritis?
Yes, it can reduce uneven load and improve gait.
When should I seek medical care?
If the pain is severe, persistent, or affects your mobility.
