Periostitis
Content description
Shin splints, or medial tibial syndrome, is a common overuse injury that primarily affects people who run a lot or increase their activity level quickly. The pain is located along the inside of the lower leg and can be felt both during and after activity. It is important to listen to your body's signals early to avoid long-term problems and recurring injuries. With the right treatment and adapted training, it is usually possible to make a full recovery.
Symptoms of periostitis
- Pain on the inside of the lower leg, especially during and after physical activity
- Tenderness along the shinbone, sometimes even when pressed
- Stiffness and aching pain in the lower leg, especially when warming up or when you start running
- The pain often subsides with rest but may return when you put weight on the leg again.
- In some cases, the area may feel slightly swollen or warm.
Causes of periostitis
Periostitis occurs when the periosteum surrounding the tibia becomes irritated and inflamed. This irritation is often caused by repeated strain and small micro-damages to the tissue. Common causes include increasing the amount of exercise too quickly, changing surfaces, running in the wrong shoes or training with poor running technique. People who have pronation, meaning that the foot falls inward when under load, can also be more easily affected.
Furthermore, it is common for the muscles and tendons on the inside of the lower leg to become overstrained, which further increases the pressure against the bone. Stiffness in the calves and weak foot muscles can also contribute to the problem. You often notice the problems when starting a new training period or after taking a longer break from running.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of periostitis is usually made through a conversation and examination. The doctor or physiotherapist will ask about your exercise habits, how the pain started, and examine the leg for tenderness and swelling. Sometimes other causes of the pain may need to be ruled out, such as stress fractures or muscle tears, especially if the pain is very severe or does not go away with rest.
Treatment of periostitis
Treatment aims to reduce pain and inflammation and prevent new injuries. The first step is always to reduce or take a break from the activity that triggers the symptoms, such as running. Rest is important, but total inactivity is not recommended – instead, try to find alternative exercises that do not put as much strain on the lower legs, such as cycling or swimming.
Applying ice to the sore area can help with the pain, and in some cases, compression stockings can provide extra support. It is also wise to review your shoes and possibly change to a pair with better shock absorption or use inserts if necessary. A physiotherapist can show you stretching and strengthening exercises for the calf and foot muscles, which often helps in the long run.
For long-term problems, taping, laser or shockwave therapy may be appropriate, but for most people, self-care and gradual building up of training is sufficient. Avoid starting running again until you are completely pain-free when walking.
Preventive measures
To reduce the risk of developing periosteum inflammation, it is important to increase your training load gradually. Replace shoes when they are worn out and choose the right model for your foot type. Stretching and strength training for the calves and feet reduces the load on the periosteum. It is advisable to vary the surface and avoid running a lot on hard surfaces if you are sensitive.
Recommended products
How long does periostitis last?
It often takes several weeks to a couple of months before the pain is completely gone, especially if you have had the problem for a long time.
Can I continue to exercise with periostitis?
It is best to rest from painful activities, but alternative exercises that do not put as much strain on the lower leg are often successful.
When should I seek medical attention?
If the pain is very severe, does not go away with rest, or if you experience swelling, redness, or fever in your leg, you should contact your healthcare provider.
How can I avoid having the problem come back?
Build up your training slowly, wear good shoes and stretch regularly to reduce the risk of relapse.
